1、 在当前冲刺期间，产品负责人的可用性受到了其他承诺的限制。在每日站会上，团队成员抱怨他们不能从产品负责人那里得到答案，结果，产品增量的开发被延迟。对于scrum master来说，最好的行动方案是什么？
During the current sprint, the product owner's availability has been limited due to other commitments. At the daily standup, the team members complain that they cannot get answers from the product owner, and, as a result, the development of the product increment is delayed. What is the best course of action for the scrum master?

A： 让高级开发人员做出产品决策
Let the senior developers make the product decisions

B： 代表团队成员联系产品负责人
Contact the product owner on behalf of the team members

C： 在冲刺审查期间提及可用性问题
Mention the availability issue during the sprint review

D： 在冲刺回顾中讨论可用性问题
Discuss the availability issue at the sprint retrospective

正确答案：B 你的答案：B

解析：知识点出处：捷实践指南 页码：41 章节：4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner ·创建待办列表并排序 ·确认工作优先顺序 ·提供反馈 ·指导开发方向 PO的角色必不可少，因此需要与PO讨论让他参加项目。

2、你刚刚被分配到一个即将到来的敏捷项目中。作为项目前期工作的一部分，你要审查组织关于合规性的所有政策和程序。你意识到其中只有一些可能适用于你的项目。首先你应该做什么？
You have just been assigned to an upcoming agile project. As part of pre-project work, you review all of the organization's policies and procedures regarding compliance. You realize that only some of them may be applicable to your project. What should you do first?

A： 将项目管理方法从敏捷切换到传统
Switch the project management approach from agile to traditional

B： 将所有合规政策和程序纳入实施战略
Incorporate all compliance policies and procedures in the implementation strategy

C： 确保合规活动包含在项目进度基准中
Ensure compliance activities are included in the project schedule baseline

D： 对合规性分类进行分类以确定项目资源的支出
Classify the compliance categories to determine the expenditure of project resources

正确答案：D 你的答案：D

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P35 章节：4.2.1.2 消除组织障碍：仆人式领导还应该关注其他冗长的过程，这些过程往往造成瓶颈问题，阻碍团队或组织的敏捷性。可能需要处理的过程或部门的例子包括，财务部门、变更控制委员会或审计部门。 合规性一般都会成为敏捷项目的障碍，因此要消除这些障碍，只做必要的工作。

3、在六次迭代之后，项目范围和进度发生了重大变化。其原因在于客户的定期审查的技术法规和安全政策。项目经理希望为下一次迭代提出一种新的方法以避免可能的延迟。项目经理首先应该做什么？
After six iterations, significant variations have occurred to project scope and schedule. These are due to the customer's technology regulations and security policies, which are regularly reviewed. The project manager wants to suggest a new approach to the next iteration to avoid possible delays. What should the project manager do first?

A： 对每个改进项目的重要性进行排序，然后实施上次回顾中确定的行动。
Rank the importance of each improvement item, then implement actions identified during the last retrospective.

B： 进行成本效益分析，以帮助预测下一阶段通过使用新技术可能实现的利润。
Engage in a cost-benefit analysis that can help predict the profits that could be realized through the use of new technology for the next phase.

C： 研究在类似项目中取得成功的新技术趋势和管理工具。
Research new technology trends and management tools that have been successful on similar projects.

D： 使用待办事项列表的细化会议，并将客户的变更请求包括在讨论中。
Use a backlog refinement meeting and include the customer's change requests in the discussion.

正确答案：A 你的答案：A

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P51 章节：5.2.1 回顾 来自团队的一位促进者引导团队通过一个活动对所有改进事项的重要性进行排序。完成对改进事项的排序后，团队为下一次迭代选择合适的数量。

4、 一家沉浸于传统瀑布式项目管理中的PMO聘请了你，作为敏捷实践者，来指导组织向敏捷的转变。在完成对组织文化的初步评估之后，你已经意识到许多相关方都抵制变更。你的最佳行动方案是什么？
A PMO steeped in traditional waterfall project management has hired you, as an agile practitioner, to guide the organization's transformation to agile. After completing an initial assessment of the organizational culture, you have realized that many of the stakeholders are resistant to the change. What is your best course of action?

A： 提供培训来确保员工更加专业化
Provide training to ensure the employees are more highly specialized

B： 同时将所有项目向敏捷过渡
Transition all projects to agile at the same time

C： 寻求愿意支持这一事业的高层高管
Seek a high-level executive willing to champion the cause

D： 确保工作分解成孤岛
Ensure the work is decomposed into silos

正确答案：C 你的答案：C

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P73 章节：6.1.2 变革就绪情况: · 管理层的变革意愿； · 组织在员工认知、审核和评估方式上做出改变的意愿； · 集中或分散项目、项目集和项目组合管理职能； · 专注于短期预算和指标而不是长期目标；以及 · 人才管理成熟度和能力。 管理层的变更意愿，是组织是否变革就绪的重要前提。

5、 一个在瀑布式项目管理方法方面经验丰富的项目团队被分配到一个敏捷项目中。为了使转换更容易，已经决定保留瀑布方法的一些要素。在迭代审查期间，意识到开发团队之间的误解导致了工作的重复。项目经理如何处理这个问题？
A project team that is experienced in the waterfall project management approach has been assigned to their first agile project. To make the transition easier, it has been decided to keep some elements of the waterfall approach in place. During the iteration review, it was realized that a misunderstanding among the development team has led to a duplication of efforts. How might the project manager address this issue?

A： 在即将到来的迭代回顾中提出该话题
Bring up the topic during the upcoming iteration retrospective

B： 什么都不做，因为团队成员正在从瀑布过渡到敏捷
Do nothing since the team members are transitioning from waterfall to agile

C： 弹回到瀑布项目管理框架
Fallback to a waterfall project management framework going forward

D： 提交变更请求以更新沟通管理计划
Submit a change request to update the communications management plan

正确答案：A 你的答案：A

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P50 章节：5.2.1 回顾总结会：回顾是最重要的一个实践，原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。 迭代审查会过后，将发现的问题在后续的回顾总结会提出来。

6、一个敏捷团队正在努力实现一个积极的发布目标。scrum master最近注意到，其中一位开发人员的表现下降了，而且她参加小组讨论的次数似乎减少了。scrum master应该做什么？
An agile team is working to meet an aggressive release goal. The scrum master has recently noticed that the performance of one of the developers has dropped and the developer seems to be participating less in group discussions. What should the scrum master do?

A： 要求其余团队成员完成此开发人员的工作量
Request the rest of the team members to backfill the workload of the developer

B： 在冲刺回顾会议上讨论开发人员的绩效问题
Discuss the developer's performance issues at the sprint retrospective meeting

C： 私下与开发人员会面，并尝试确定激发他们动机的因素
Meet with the developer privately and try to determine what motivates them

D： 寻找替代者，因为敏捷团队需要最好的人才
Look for a replacement because agile teams require the best talent available

正确答案：C 你的答案：C

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P38 章节：4.3 仆人式领导：要善于激励项目人员，为他们提供所需的环境和支持，信任他们能够完成工作。 项目经理要激励成员，并提供支持。

7、敏捷团队正试图确定理想的迭代长度。团队成员对此进行了长时间的激烈争论，但没有人愿意妥协。scrum master被召来帮助解决冲突。对于scrum master来说，最好的行动方案是什么？
An agile team is trying to determine the ideal iteration length. The team members are having a long and intense argument about it, but no one is willing to compromise. The scrum master is called in to help resolve the conflict. What is the best course of action for a scrum master?

A： 避免参与过程并让团队达成共识
Avoid being involved in the process and let the team work out toward a consensus

B： 建议评估每个建议的迭代长度的优缺点
Recommend evaluating the pros and cons of each one of the suggested iteration lengths

C： 如果团队无法达成协议，以纪律处分威胁他们
Threaten the team with disciplinary actions if they are unable to come to an agreement

D： 在关系受损之前为团队做决定，从而打破僵局
Break the impasse by making the decision for the team before relationships are damaged

正确答案：B 你的答案：B

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P34 章节：4.2.1 仆人式领导的职责：仆人式领导通过管理关系，在团队内和组织中建立沟通与协作。这些关系可以帮助领导在组织中得心应手地为团队提供支持。 仆人式领导促进协作沟通，ACD都是在避免、强迫团队。

8、为了使新确定的相关方尽早参与项目，scrum master建议邀请他们参加即将举行的冲刺审查会议，以向相关方证明团队正在朝着正确的方向发展，并从相关方那里获得有关团队工作完成情况的反馈。以下哪个是邀请相关方参加本次会议的另一个原因？
To engage the newly identified stakeholders in the project at the earliest opportunity, the scrum master suggests inviting them to the upcoming sprint review meeting to demonstrate to the stakeholders that the team is moving in the right direction and get feedback from the stakeholders about what the team has accomplished. Which of the following is another reason for inviting the stakeholders to this meeting?

A： 反思团队绩效
To reflect on the team performance

B： 为下次冲刺确定高风险用户故事的优先级
To prioritize high-risk user stories for the next sprint

C： 重新确定发布待办事项列表优先级
To reprioritize the release backlog

D： 讨论下次冲刺的高级别计划
To discuss the high-level plans for the next sprint

正确答案：D 你的答案：D

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P55 章节：5.2.5 展示/评审：当团队以用户故事的形式完成特定功能时，团队会定期展示工作产品。看过展示后，产品负责人接受或拒绝故事。 冲刺评审会议的结果是一份修订的产品待办列表，确定很可能进入下个冲刺的产品代办列表。

9、新项目中的所有团队成员都希望通过尽快交付价值来获得客户的信任。项目经理了解到一个资源已经在其他项目中与发起人一起工作。某资源似乎在使用个人影响力，从而与项目发起人合作以增加项目的利益实现。在项目的哪个阶段，项目经理应该解决这个问题以优化成本效益？
All team members on a new project want to gain the customer's trust by delivering value as quickly as possible. The project manager learns that one resource has worked with the sponsor on other projects. The resource seems to be using personal influence, working with a project sponsor to increase the project's benefits realization. At which stage in the project should the project manager address this concern to optimize cost effectiveness?

A： 在团队的执行阶段开始时
At the start of the team's performing stage

B： 紧接在第一次效益实现后
Immediately after the first benefit realization

C： 在下次回顾仪式期间
During the next retrospective ceremony

D： 在下一次资源绩效审查期间
During the next resource performance review

正确答案：C 你的答案：C

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P50 章节：5.2.1 回顾总结会：回顾是最重要的一个实践，原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。

10、scrum master正在进行日常的站会。开发团队的每个成员都表示，由于各种阻碍，他们的工作已经停滞。因此，整个开发团队都被闲置，并且进度基准处于危险之中。scrum master首先应该做什么？
A scrum master is conducting a daily standup. Each member of the development team states that their work has been stalled due to various blockers. As a result, the entire development team has been idled, and the schedule baseline is in jeopardy. What should the scrum master do first?

A： 在会议期间努力解决问题
Attempt to resolve the problems during the meeting

B： 分析并优先设置阻碍的优先级
Analyze and prioritize the blockers

C： 与此同时让团队参与另一个项目
Assign the team to work on another project in the meanwhile

D： 将该问题升级上报给项目发起人
Escalate the issue to the project sponsor

正确答案：B 你的答案：B

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P34 章节：4.2.1 仆人式领导的职责：仆人式领导通过管理关系，在团队内和组织中建立沟通与协作。这些关系可以帮助领导在组织中得心应手地为团队提供支持。这种支持有助于消除障碍，促进团队理顺过程。 在敏捷实践中，项目经理重要的核心工作就是消除障碍。

11、在项目最后一次迭代结束前两天，敏捷教练注意到其中一位开发人员的绩效明显下降，危及迭代目标。教练和开发人员在迭代结束后的一天安排了一对一的指导会议。在这种情况下，敏捷教练最好采取什么行动方案？
Two days before the end of the last iteration of the project, an agile coach has noticed that the performance of one of the developers significantly degraded, risking the iteration goal. The coach and the developer have a one-on-one coaching meeting scheduled a day after the iteration’s end date. What is the best course of action for the agile coach to take in this situation?

A： 对开发人员进行个人绩效评估
Conduct the individual performance appraisal of the developer

B： 要求团队一起完成本应分配给此开发人员的任务
Ask the team to swarm on the tasks assigned to the developer

C： 利用实时反馈与开发人员一起解决问题
Employ real-time feedback to address the issue with the developer

D： 等待与开发人员安排的一对一会议
Wait for the one-on-one meeting scheduled with the developer

正确答案：C 你的答案：C

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P35 章节：4.2.1.1 仆人式领导的促进作用：仆人式领导促进团队内部和团队之间的合作与对话。例如，仆人式领导在团队内部和团队之间帮助发现瓶颈问题，并进行相应沟通。 有问题要实时解决，而不是事后再处理。

12、敏捷教练一直在通过或超越他们当前的角色来培养和发展团队成员。这帮助一些团队成员发展了他们的个人和专业技能，使他们觉得他们已经超越了自己的角色。最终，他们中的一些人离开了团队，在组织内外寻找新的机会。敏捷教练的方法正确吗？
An agile coach has been nurturing and growing team members through and beyond their current roles. This helped several team members to develop their personal and professional skills to the level where they felt that they outgrew their roles. Eventually, some of them left the team to pursue new opportunities within the organization and outside of it. Was the agile coach right in her approach?

A： 不正确，敏捷领导者必须确保团队成员永远不会离开他们的团队
No, agile leaders must ensure the team members never leave their teams

B： 正确，敏捷领导者应该培养团队成员，即使这意味着失去他们
Yes, agile leaders should develop team members even if that means losing them

C： 不正确，敏捷领导者可能会培养团队成员，但不会超越他们当前的角色
No, agile leaders may develop team members but not beyond their current roles

D： 正确，敏捷领导者必须确保团队成员最终离开团队
Yes, agile leaders have to make sure team members eventually leave the team

正确答案：B 你的答案：B

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P37 章节：4.2.1 仆人式领导的职责:仆人式领导的一个关键作用是，培养和发展团队成员，帮助他们超越自身当前的角色，即使团队将失去他们也在所不惜。

13、项目每日站会时间很长，经常超过两个小时。项目团队利用站会对项目障碍的解决方案进行扩展讨论。项目经理应该做什么来改善每日站会？
A projects daily standups are long and often last more than two hours. The project team uses the standup meetings for extended discussions about solutions to project obstacles. What should the Project Manager do to improve the daily standup meetings?

A： 邀请部门经理参加团队成员的讨论，以便以商业方式确定解决方案
Invite department managers to participate in the team members discussions, in order to identify solutions in a business-like manner

B： 要求在每次站会时缩短讨论时间，留出更多的工作时间
Request shorter discussion time during each standup, leaving more time for working

C： 加入新的团队成员，他将负责管理障碍和会议来讨论可能的解决方案
Insert a new team member who will manage obstacles and meetings to discuss possible solutions

D： 指导团队成员，让他们有机会缩短所有的站会，并改进他们确定解决方案的方法
Coach team members that they have the opportunity to shorten all standup meetings and improve their method for identifying solutions

正确答案：D 你的答案：D

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P53 章节：5.2.4 每日站会：为每日站会规定时间盒，不超出 15 分钟。站会是为了发现存在问题，而不是解决它们。将问题添加到停车场区，然后创建另一次会议，它可以在站会之后立即召开，并在会上解决问题。 每日站会不解决问题。

14、在一次会议上，产品负责人重申了产品愿景，描述了目标用户组，业务目标，以及敏捷项目即将发布的主要功能。随后，为了直观地描述这些功能，产品负责人创建了产品路线图。以下哪项最能描述会议目的？
During a meeting, the product owner restated the product vision, described the target user groups, the business goals, and main features to be delivered by the agile project in its upcoming releases. Then, to visually depict these features, the product owner created the product roadmap. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the meeting?

A： 在项目相关方之间建立共享的项目愿景
Establish a shared project vision among the project stakeholders

B： 为每个即将发布的版本创建产品待办事项列表
Create the product backlog for each one of the upcoming releases

C： 在项目相关方之间建立共享发布愿景
Establish a shared release vision among the project stakeholders

D： 确定项目范围、进度、成本、质量和资源
Determine the project scope, schedule, cost, quality, and resources

正确答案：A 你的答案：A

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P49 章节：5.1 敏捷项目章程 · 我们为什么要做这个项目？这是项目愿景。 · 谁会从中受益？如何受益？这可能是项目愿景和/或项目目标的一部分。 · 对此项目而言，达到哪些条件才意味着项目完成？这些是项目的发布标准。 · 我们将怎样合作？这说明预期的工作流。 这题注意项目愿景的作用

 15、一位来自传统项目管理组织的项目经理被分配到正在进行的项目中。最近，该组织开始在其项目中使用敏捷方法。项目经理听说有些团队成员感觉缺少关键主题的专业知识，并且团队内部协作不足。项目经理应该如何回应这些团队成员的担忧？
A Project Manager from a traditional project management organization is assigned to an ongoing project. Recently, the organization has started to use agile methodologies in its projects. The Project Manager hears that some team members feel like key subject matter expertise is missing and there is insufficient collaboration within the team. How should the Project Manager respond to these team members' concerns?

A： 聘请第三方专家来填补知识空白
Employ third-party specialists to fill the knowledge gap

B： 通过请求向发起人添加额外资源
Add additional resources via a request to the sponsor

C： 添加跨职能的内部资源
Add cross-functional internal resources

D： 在可能的情况下，修改甘特图到看板面板
Where possible, modify Gantt charts to Kanban boards

正确答案：C 你的答案：C

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P42 章节：4.3.3 通才型专家：敏捷团队是跨职能的，但其人员往往不会一开始就做到这样。不过，许多成功的敏捷团队都由通才型专家组成，他们也称为 T 型人才。 这意味着这些团队成员在具备一项擅长的专业化技能的同时，还拥有多种技能的工作经验，而不是单一的专业化。 T型、通才型、跨职能型人才是敏捷团队成员的重要特点。

16、一个开发团队正在为他们的敏捷项目进行计划中的一次冲刺。一位相关方找到scrum master，想知道为什么在上一次冲刺中删除某一功能、在下次冲刺中交付什么功能计划、以及钱是如何花在项目上的。在这种情况下，scrum master最好采取什么行动方案？
A development team is working through one of the sprints planned for their agile project. A stakeholder approaches the scrum master wondering why a certain feature was removed from the last sprint, what features are planned to be delivered in the next sprint, and how the money is being spent on the project. What is the best course of action for the scrum master to take in this situation?

A： 建议相关方查阅项目燃尽图
Advise the stakeholder to consult the project burndown charts

B： 将相关方推荐给团队成员以获取信息
Refer the stakeholder to the team members to get the information

C： 建议相关方与产品负责人交谈
Recommend that the stakeholder talk to the product owner

D： 在每日站会上提供所要求的信息
Provide the requested information at the daily standup meeting

正确答案：C 你的答案：C

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：41 章节：4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner： · 创建待办列表并排序 · 确认工作优先顺序 · 提供反馈 · 指导开发方向 所有的待办列表优先级的划分，都由PO来决定。

17、由设计师、程序员和测试人员组成的项目团队使用看板面板来管理他们的工作流程。在监督项目进度计划时，项目经理审查看板，并注意到由WIP限制引起的测试栏瓶颈。结果，一些程序员被闲置，团队的速度变慢，并且进度基准处于危险之中。对项目经理来说，最好的行动方案是什么？
A project team comprised of designers, programmers, and testers uses a Kanban board to manage their workflow. While monitoring the project schedule, the project manager reviews the board and notices a bottleneck at the testing column caused by the WIP limit. As a result, some of the programmers are idled, the team's velocity is slowed, and the schedule baseline is at risk. What is the best course of action for the project manager?

A： 从看板面板删除所有WIP限制
Remove all of the WIP limits from the Kanban board

B： 询问是否有空闲程序员可以帮忙测试
Ask if any of the idled programmers can help with testing

C： 降低看板面板上的测试WIP限额
Lower the testing column WIP limit on the Kanban board

D： 提交变更请求以更新进度基准
Submit a change request to update the schedule baseline

正确答案：B 你的答案：B

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P103 章节：A3.4 看板方法:通过限制在制品将可以提高工作效率和质量。 使用通才型专家，协助打破测试瓶颈。

18、一位scrum master正在领导一个敏捷项目，在该项目中，开发团队在过去的三次迭代中都未能实现冲刺的目标。在冲刺回顾中，团队决定实现几个变更来提高速度。scrum master如何验证绩效改进？
A scrum master is leading an agile project in which the development team has failed to achieve the sprint goal for the past three iterations. During the sprint retrospective, the team decides to implement several changes to improve velocity. How might the scrum master verify any performance improvement?

A： 计算项目CPI
Calculate the project's CPI

B： 创建燃尽图
Create a burndown chart

C： 审查燃起图
Review the burnup chart

D： 研究甘特图
Study the Gantt chart

正确答案：C 你的答案：C

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P50 章节：5.2.1 回顾总结会：回顾是最重要的一个实践，原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。 通过审查之前的绩效来进行绩效改进。B错在应该审查而非创建

19、你是一位scrum master，领导着一个敏捷项目团队，一直在满足每次迭代设定的目标。产品负责人对团队的进展感到满意，并且绩效测量基准没有显示出任何偏差。然而，你会觉得团队中有一个成员的效率比其他成员低。在这种情况下，你最合适的反馈方法是什么？
You are a scrum master leading an agile project team that has been consistently meeting the goals set for each iteration. The product owner is pleased with the team's progress, and the performance measurement baseline shows no deviations. However, you feel that one team member is less productive than the others. What is the most appropriate feedback approach for you to take in this situation?

A： 允许项目团队成员在认为有必要时解决问题
Allow the project team members to address the issue if they deem necessary

B： 指导表现不佳的团队成员多工作一小时，以缩小差距
Direct the underperforming team member to work extra hours to bridge the gap

C： 在即将到来的迭代回顾中找出团队成员的低生产率
Call out the team member's low productivity at the upcoming iteration retrospective

D： 从下次迭代起为团队成员分配最简单的用户故事
From the next iteration onward, assign the team member the easiest user stories

正确答案：A 你的答案：A

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P35 章节：4.2.1.1 仆人式领导的促进作用：促进者将帮助每个人各尽所能地思考和工作。促进者鼓励团队参与、理解，并对团队输出共同承担责任。促进者帮助团队创建可接受的解决方案。 让团队自己解决，可以促进他们的技术能力和协作能力。

 20、一个敏捷团队在最近的几次迭代中加班加点地工作。项目经理决定，从现在开始，团队应该保持每周40小时的工作时间。项目经理做出这个决定最可能的目的是什么？
An agile team has been working overtime for the last few iterations. The project manager has decided that from now on the team should maintain a 40-hour workweek. What is the most likely reason behind the project manager's decision?

A： 最大化未完成的工作量
To maximize the amount of work not done

B： 最小化在进行中的工作量
To minimize the amount of work in progress

C： 频繁交付工作软件
To deliver working software frequently

D： 促进可持续发展
To promote sustainable development

正确答案：D 你的答案：D

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P9 章节：2.2 敏捷的12条原则之8：敏捷过程提倡可持续开发。发起人、开发人员和用户应该都能始终保持步调稳定。

21、一位敏捷教练加入了一个团队，这个团队在过去的几个月里一直致力于一个项目。教练注意到团队成员正在努力消除障碍，没有关于时间限制事件的规则，也没有使用信息发射源来显示项目状态。敏捷教练应该采取的最佳行动方案是什么？
An agile coach joined a team that has been working on a project for the last few months. The coach noticed that the team members were struggling to remove impediments, did not have a discipline around time-boxed events, and were not using information radiators to display the project status. What is the best course of action for the agile coach to take?

A： 帮助团队处理障碍，提醒时间限制的重要性，并强制团队使用信息发射源
Help the team deal with impediments, remind of the importance of time-boxing, and force the team to use information radiators

B： 告诉团队处理障碍，提醒时间限制的重要性，并建议团队使用信息发射源
Tell the team to deal with impediments, remind of the importance of time-boxing, and suggest the team to use information radiators

C： 帮助团队处理障碍，提醒时间限制的重要性，并建议团队使用信息发射源
Help the team to deal with impediments, remind of the importance of time-boxing, and suggest the team to use information radiators

D： 什么都不做，因为问题很小，可以由团队处理，因为敏捷团队是自我管理和自我组织的
Do nothing, since the issues are minor and can be handled by the team because agile teams are self- managing and self-organizing

正确答案：C 你的答案：C

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P38 章节：4.2.3 仆人式领导：在敏捷环境中，项目经理充当仆人式领导，其工作重点转变为引导需要帮助的人，促进团队的合作，保持与相关方的需要一致。 敏捷教练的重要角色，就是帮助团队清除障碍。另外，时间盒与信息发射源也是重要的敏捷工具。

22、一个敏捷团队成员在开发她为当前冲刺选择的用户故事时遇到了一个技术问题。在多次尝试解决这个问题失败后，团队成员向scrum master寻求建议。对于scrum master来说，最好的行动方案是什么？
An agile team member encounters a technical issue while developing one of the user stories she selected for the current sprint. After multiple unsuccessful attempts to resolve the issue, the team member approaches the scrum master for advice. What is the best course of action for the scrum master?

A： 请求其他团队成员一起充实用户故事并解决问题
Request that the rest of the team members swarm on the user story

B： 将团队成员替换为另一名更有经验的团队成员
Replace the team member with another more experienced one

C： 要求撰写用户故事的产品负责人解决问题
Ask the product owner who wrote the user story to resolve the issue

D： 建议团队成员尝试其他替代解决方案
Recommend that the team member try other alternative solutions

正确答案：A

解析：知识点出处：PMBOK 6th 页码：P488 章节：12.2.2.5 谈判：谈判是为达成协议而进行的讨论。采购谈判是指在合同签署之前，对合同的结构、各方的权利和义务，以及其他条款加以澄清，以便双方达成共识。最终的文件措辞应该反映双方达成的全部一致意见。谈判以签署买方和卖方均可执行的合同文件或其他正式协议而结束。 自组织团队，若遇到问题，原则上应该让团队自己处理问题。

23、根据项目的特点，项目经理建议选择一种敏捷方法，该方法限制团队成员在任何给定时间执行的任务数。此方法还允许团队提高工作过程中问题和瓶颈的可见性。项目经理建议采用以下哪种方法？
Based on the characteristics of the project, the project manager suggests selecting an agile method that limits the number of tasks being worked on by the team members at any given time. This method will also allow the team to increase the visibility of issues and bottlenecks in their work process. Which of the following methods does the project manager suggest?

A： 看板
Kanban

B： Scrum
Scrum

C： 水晶
Crystal

D： 改善
Kaizen

正确答案：A 你的答案：A

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P103 章节：A3.4 看板方法：通过限制在制品将可以提高工作效率和质量。

 24、作为制定进度计划过程的一部分，项目经理使用甘特图创建项目进度计划。三个Scrum团队将开发项目的可交付成果。由于依赖关系，团队将需要通过每周两次的延长的站会来协调他们的工作。项目经理接下来应该做什么？
As part of the Develop Schedule process, the project manager creates the project schedule using a Gantt chart. Three Scrum teams will develop the project deliverables. Due to dependencies, the teams will be required to coordinate their work twice a week using extended standup meetings. What should the project manager do next?

A： 提交将甘特图表切换到燃尽图表的变更请求
Submit a change request to switch the Gantt chart to burndown chart

B： 在项目进度计划中包含Scrum of Scrums（SoS）会议
Include Scrum of Scrums (SoS) meetings in the project schedule

C： 使进度赶工以消除团队之间的依赖关系
Crash the schedule to eliminate the dependencies between the teams

D： 在项目进度计划中反映团队的实际速度
Reflect the actual velocity of the teams in the project schedule

正确答案：B 你的答案：B

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P111 章节：A3.10 Scrum of Scrums：是由多个 Scrum 团队而不是一个大型 Scrum 团队所使用的一种技术，每个团队包含三到九名成员来协调其工作。每个团队的代表会与其他团队代表定期召开会议，每日例会，或是一周两次或三次。其目标是确保团队协调工作并清除障碍，以优化所有团队的效率。 有依赖关系的Scrum团队，需要开SoS会议来优化效率。

25、你被指派领导一个敏捷项目。项目团队由经验丰富的敏捷实践者组成，他们在一起工作了很长时间。在这个敏捷的环境中，对你来说管理项目整合的最佳方法是什么？
You have been assigned to lead an agile project. The project team is comprised of experienced agile practitioners who have been working together for a long time. In this agile environment, what is the best approach for you to take to manage project integration?

A： 制定整合所有项目活动的项目管理计划
Develop the project management plan that integrates all project activities

B： 让团队确定如何整合计划和组件
Let the team determine how plans and components should be integrated

C： 寻求批准聘请外部项目整合管理专家
Seek approval to hire an external project integration management expert

D： 在敏捷环境中，项目整合管理不适用
In agile environments, project integration management is not applicable

正确答案：B 你的答案：B

解析：知识点出处：PMBOK 6th 页码：P74 章节：4 在敏捷或适应型环境中需要考虑的因素 在适应型环境下，整合管理的核心概念中所述的对项目经理的期望不变，但是把对具体的产品的规划和交付授权给团队来控制。 在成熟的敏捷环境里，项目经理是仆人式领导的角色，很多决定让自组织成员去做。

 26、在项目的第一个阶段发布给客户的最新软件充满了缺陷。客户很生气，并要求计划在第二阶段交付的新版本的开发过程更加透明。客户希望更有规律地看到团队的结果，而不需要很长的开发间隔。 项目团队可以在第二阶段引入下列哪项来更好地满足客户的要求? (选择四个）

The latest software released to the customer in the first project phase is full of defects. The customer is angry and demands that the development of the new release, which is planned to be delivered in the second phase, is much more transparent. The customer wants to see the team’s results more regularly and without very long development intervals in-between. Which of the following could the project team introduce in the second phase to better comply with the customer's demand? (Choose four)

A： 有规律时间框的节奏

A cadence with regular timeboxes

B： 定期和频繁的回顾

Regular and frequent retrospectives

C： 在每个团队成员的层次上进行优化

Optimization at the level of each individual team member

D： 测试驱动的开发实践

Test-driven development practices

E： 使用待办事项列表进行增量交付

Incremental delivery using a backlog

F： 在软件发布之前限制更改的数量

Limiting the number of changes before the software is released

正确答案：A,B,D,E 你的答案：A,B,D,E

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P9 章节：2.2 敏捷的12条原则 排除法 C：敏捷注重团队协作，而非单兵作战 F：敏捷拥抱变化

 27、一个敏捷团队的任务是开发一款机器人。项目经理希望确保在机器人被实际建造之前，团队能够收到关于需求的早期反馈并相应地调整设计。项目经理应该使用以下哪一项来实现这个目标？
An agile team is tasked with the development of a robot. The project manager wants to ensure that before the actual robot is built, the team receives early feedback on requirements and adapts the design accordingly. Which of the following should the project manager use to achieve that goal?

A： 原型设计
Prototyping

B： 设计审查
Design review

C： 核对单
Checklists

D： 商业论证
Business case

正确答案：A 你的答案：A

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P21 章节：3.1.2 迭代型生命周期通过连续的原型或概念验证来改进产品或成果。每一个新的原型都能带来新的相关方新的反馈和团队见解。 题目中明确提到需要反馈，因此原型法比较好用。

 28、在迭代期间，项目团队会遇到可能导致任务完成延迟的问题。同一项目中的另一个团队需要按时完成任务，以满足他们的计划。项目经理如何解决这个问题？
During an iteration, a project team encounters problems that may cause a delay in task completion. Another team within the same project needs the task to be completed on time in order to meet their schedule. What can the project manager do to resolve this problem?

A： 坚持让项目团队稍微努力一点以便按时完成，以免耽误其他团队的工作。
Insist that the project team work a bit harder to complete on time, in order to avoid delaying the work of other teams.

B： 与产品负责人合作，重新确定迭代待办事项列表的优先级，以免耽误其他团队的工作。
Work with the product owner to reprioritize the iteration backlog, so that it does not delay work by other teams.

C： 增加迭代的长度，并向项目团队添加额外的资源，这样他们就可以在适当的最后期限前完成任务。
Increase the iteration length, and add additional resources to the project team, so that they can meet the appropriate deadlines.

D： 要求团队成员在迭代过程中尽其所能，并在迭代完成后进行回顾。
Ask team members to perform to the best of their abilities during the iteration, and engage in a retrospective after completion of the iteration.

正确答案：B 你的答案：B

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：41 章节：4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner： · 创建待办列表并排序 · 确认工作优先顺序 · 提供反馈 · 指导开发方向 目前来看有问题，最好的方法是重新排序待办列表，以规避问题。

29、敏捷项目团队的成员都在一个开放的办公空间中工作。一天中有许多谈话同时发生。下列哪一项是项目经理的最佳选择?
The agile project team members are all working in an open office space arrangement. There are many conversations happening concurrently throughout the day. Which of the following is the best option for the project manager?

A： 安排频繁的团队检查点并以透明的方式发布项目工件
Schedule frequent team checkpoints and post project artifacts in a transparent fashion

B： 要求团队成员将谈话推迟到正式会议时间
Request team members to hold off their conversations until formal meeting times

C： 记录对话并发布在共享知识库中
Record the conversations and post them in a shared repository

D： 将下午指定为安静的工作时间
Designate afternoons as quiet work times

正确答案：A 你的答案：A

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P12 章节：2.3 精益和看板方法 敏捷、精益和看板方法共同的重点在于交付价值、尊重人、减少浪费、透明化、适应变更以及持续改善等方面。 敏捷团队使用信息发射源来确保工作的透明化。

30、 敏捷团队正在监视项目进度计划的状态。他们可能会使用哪些工具？（选择两项）
An agile team is monitoring the status of the project schedule. What tools will they likely use? (Choose 2)

A： 燃起图
Burnup Chart

B： 网络图
Network Diagram

C： 帕累托图
Pareto Chart

D： 燃尽图
Burndown Chart

E： 鱼骨图
Fishbone diagram

正确答案：A,D 你的答案：A,D

解析：知识点出处：敏捷实践指南 页码：P62 章节：5.4.1 燃尽图&燃起图：某些基于迭代的项目使用燃尽图查看项目随时间的进展情况，某些团队更喜欢燃起图。 两张图除了方向，本质上没有差别。