上一篇我们聊了记录页面的 UI 设计，这篇继续看看导航栏中的另一个页面——挑战页面。

挑战功能是计时器应用的一个重要特色：用户可以设定目标时间，进行目标驱动的沉浸训练。这篇我们从 UI 设计的角度，看看这个功能是如何呈现的。

一、挑战列表页面

挑战

挑战页面作为底部导航的一个 Tab，整体结构与记录页面类似，使用 SectionedPage 包裹。

class ChallengesPage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Stack(
      children: [
        SectionedPage(
          title: '挑战',
          subtitle: const Text('目标驱动的沉浸训练'),
          child: Consumer<ChallengesController>(
            builder: (context, controller, _) {
              if (!controller.isInitialized) {
                return const Center(child: CircularProgressIndicator());
              }

              final challenges = controller.challenges;
              if (challenges.isEmpty) {
                return _EmptyState(onCreate: () => showChallengeFormSheet(context));
              }

              return ListView.separated(
                physics: const BouncingScrollPhysics(),
                padding: const EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(16, 0, 16, 24),
                itemBuilder: (context, index) {
                  final challenge = challenges[index];
                  return _ChallengeTile(
                    challengeId: challenge.id,
                    onTap: () {
                      Navigator.of(context).push(
                        MaterialPageRoute<void>(
                          builder: (_) => ChallengeDetailPage(challengeId: challenge.id),
                        ),
                      );
                    },
                  );
                },
                separatorBuilder: (_, __) => const SizedBox(height: 12),
                itemCount: challenges.length,
              );
            },
          ),
        ),
        GripAwareNewFab(
          tooltip: '新建挑战',
          icon: Icons.add,
          onPressed: () => showChallengeFormSheet(context),
        ),
      ],
    );
  }
}

页面结构分为三部分：

  1. 标题区域：标题"挑战" + 副标题"目标驱动的沉浸训练"。
  2. 内容区域：挑战列表或空状态提示。
  3. 悬浮按钮：新建挑战的入口。

二、空状态设计

当用户还没有创建任何挑战时，显示空状态提示：

class _EmptyState extends StatelessWidget {
  const _EmptyState({required this.onCreate});

  final VoidCallback onCreate;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final theme = Theme.of(context);
    return Center(
      child: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(24),
        child: Column(
          mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
          children: [
            Icon(Icons.emoji_events_outlined, size: 44, color: theme.colorScheme.primary),
            const SizedBox(height: 12),
            Text(
              '还没有挑战',
              style: theme.textTheme.titleLarge?.copyWith(fontWeight: FontWeight.w800),
            ),
            const SizedBox(height: 8),
            Text(
              '创建一个目标时间，让训练更沉浸、更有方向。',
              style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.copyWith(
                color: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.color?.withOpacity(0.75),
              ),
              textAlign: TextAlign.center,
            ),
            const SizedBox(height: 16),
            FilledButton.icon(
              onPressed: onCreate,
              icon: const Icon(Icons.add_circle_outline),
              label: const Text('新建挑战'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

空状态

空状态的设计要点：

  1. 图标：使用奖杯图标 emoji_events_outlined，呼应"挑战"主题。
  2. 引导文案：说明挑战功能的价值——“让训练更沉浸、更有方向”。
  3. 行动按钮：直接提供"新建挑战"按钮，减少用户操作步骤。

三、挑战列表项设计

每个挑战以卡片形式展示，包含丰富的信息：

class _ChallengeTile extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final theme = Theme.of(context);
    final controller = context.watch<ChallengesController>();
    final challenge = controller.findChallengeById(challengeId);

    // 获取最近一次挑战历史
    final attempts = controller.attemptsForChallenge(challengeId);
    ChallengeAttempt? latestFinished;
    for (final attempt in attempts) {
      if (attempt.isFinished) {
        latestFinished = attempt;
        break;
      }
    }

    // 生成副标题文案
    String? caption;
    if (latestFinished == null) {
      caption = '暂无挑战历史';
    } else {
      final succeeded = latestFinished.succeeded ?? false;
      final statusText = succeeded ? '成功' : '未达标';
      final avgText = latestFinished.averageDuration == null
          ? 'DNF'
          : _formatDuration(latestFinished.averageDuration);
      caption = '最近：$statusText · ${challenge.averageType.label} $avgText';
    }

    return InkWell(
      borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(18),
      onTap: onTap,
      child: Container(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
        decoration: BoxDecoration(
          borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(18),
          color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceVariant.withOpacity(0.35),
          border: Border.all(color: theme.colorScheme.outlineVariant),
        ),
        child: Column(
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
          children: [
            Row(
              children: [
                Expanded(
                  child: Text(
                    challenge.name,
                    style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium?.copyWith(
                      fontWeight: FontWeight.w800,
                    ),
                  ),
                ),
                Container(
                  padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 10, vertical: 6),
                  decoration: BoxDecoration(
                    borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(999),
                    color: theme.colorScheme.primary.withOpacity(0.12),
                  ),
                  child: Text(
                    '${challenge.averageType.label} · ${_formatDuration(challenge.targetDuration)}',
                    style: theme.textTheme.labelMedium?.copyWith(
                      color: theme.colorScheme.primary,
                      fontWeight: FontWeight.w700,
                    ),
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
            const SizedBox(height: 10),
            Text(
              '${challenge.event.chineseName} · ${challenge.includeInRecords ? '计入统计' : '仅挑战内保存'} · ${challenge.enableInspectionAndPenalty ? '15s 观察开' : '15s 观察关'}',
              style: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.copyWith(
                color: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.color?.withOpacity(0.75),
              ),
            ),
            const SizedBox(height: 6),
            Text(
              caption,
              style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.copyWith(
                color: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.color?.withOpacity(0.8),
              ),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

3.1 卡片布局

卡片内容分为三行：

第一行：挑战名称 + 目标标签

Row(
  children: [
    Expanded(
      child: Text(
        challenge.name,
        style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium?.copyWith(
          fontWeight: FontWeight.w800,
        ),
      ),
    ),
    Container(
      padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 10, vertical: 6),
      decoration: BoxDecoration(
        borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(999),
        color: theme.colorScheme.primary.withOpacity(0.12),
      ),
      child: Text(
        '${challenge.averageType.label} · ${_formatDuration(challenge.targetDuration)}',
        style: theme.textTheme.labelMedium?.copyWith(
          color: theme.colorScheme.primary,
          fontWeight: FontWeight.w700,
        ),
      ),
    ),
  ],
),

目标标签使用胶囊形状（borderRadius: 999），显示挑战类型和目标时间，如 “ao5 · 10.000”。

第二行：挑战配置信息

Text(
  '${challenge.event.chineseName} · ${challenge.includeInRecords ? '计入统计' : '仅挑战内保存'} · ${challenge.enableInspectionAndPenalty ? '15s 观察开' : '15s 观察关'}',
  style: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.copyWith(
    color: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.color?.withOpacity(0.75),
  ),
),

这里显示三个配置项：

  • 项目名称（如"三阶魔方"）
  • 是否计入统计
  • 是否启用 15 秒观察

第三行：最近挑战结果

Text(
  caption,  // 如 "最近：成功 · ao5 9.234"
  style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.copyWith(
    color: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.color?.withOpacity(0.8),
  ),
),

3.2 点击效果

整个卡片用 InkWell 包裹，点击时有水波纹效果：

InkWell(
  borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(18),  // 与卡片圆角一致
  onTap: onTap,
  child: Container(...),
)

四、挑战详情页面

点击挑战卡片后，进入挑战详情页面 ChallengeDetailPage。

class ChallengeDetailPage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final controller = context.watch<ChallengesController>();
    final challenge = controller.findChallengeById(challengeId);
    final attempts = controller.attemptsForChallenge(challengeId);

    // 检查是否有进行中的挑战
    ChallengeAttempt? ongoingAttempt;
    for (final attempt in attempts) {
      if (!attempt.isFinished) {
        ongoingAttempt = attempt;
        break;
      }
    }

    final finishedAttempts = attempts.where((a) => a.isFinished).toList();

    return SectionedPage(
      title: challenge.name,
      subtitle: Text('${challenge.event.chineseName} · ${challenge.averageType.label}'),
      actions: [
        SectionHeaderIconButton(
          tooltip: '删除挑战',
          icon: Icons.delete_outline,
          onPressed: () => _confirmDelete(context, challenge),
        ),
      ],
      child: ListView(
        physics: const BouncingScrollPhysics(),
        padding: const EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(16, 0, 16, 24),
        children: [
          _ChallengeSummaryCard(challenge: challenge),
          const SizedBox(height: 12),
          if (ongoingAttempt != null) ...[
            _OngoingAttemptCard(...),
            const SizedBox(height: 12),
          ],
          FilledButton.icon(
            onPressed: () { /* 开始或继续挑战 */ },
            icon: const Icon(Icons.play_arrow_rounded),
            label: Text(ongoingAttempt == null ? '开始挑战' : '继续挑战'),
            style: FilledButton.styleFrom(padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 14)),
          ),
          const SizedBox(height: 20),
          Text('挑战历史', style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.titleMedium?.copyWith(fontWeight: FontWeight.w800)),
          const SizedBox(height: 10),
          // 历史列表...
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

4.1 挑战摘要卡片

摘要卡片展示挑战的核心配置：

class _ChallengeSummaryCard extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final theme = Theme.of(context);
    return Container(
      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
      decoration: BoxDecoration(
        borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(18),
        color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceVariant.withOpacity(0.35),
        border: Border.all(color: theme.colorScheme.outlineVariant),
      ),
      child: Column(
        crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
        children: [
          Row(
            children: [
              Expanded(
                child: Text(
                  '目标：${challenge.averageType.label} ≤ ${_formatDuration(challenge.targetDuration)}',
                  style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium?.copyWith(fontWeight: FontWeight.w800),
                ),
              ),
            ],
          ),
          const SizedBox(height: 8),
          Text('项目：${challenge.event.chineseName}', style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium),
          const SizedBox(height: 4),
          Text('记录：${challenge.includeInRecords ? '计入记录/统计' : '仅挑战内保存'}', style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium),
          const SizedBox(height: 4),
          Text('规则：${challenge.enableInspectionAndPenalty ? '启用 15s 观察（超时自动判罚）' : '不启用 15s 观察'}', style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

4.2 进行中的挑战卡片

如果有未完成的挑战，会显示一个特殊的卡片：

class _OngoingAttemptCard extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final theme = Theme.of(context);
    final done = attempt.solves.length;
    final progressText = '进行中：$done / $total';
    final startedText = '开始：${_formatDate(attempt.startedAt)}';

    return Container(
      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(14),
      decoration: BoxDecoration(
        borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(18),
        color: theme.colorScheme.primary.withOpacity(0.08),
        border: Border.all(color: theme.colorScheme.outlineVariant),
      ),
      child: Column(
        crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
        children: [
          Text(
            progressText,
            style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium?.copyWith(
              fontWeight: FontWeight.w800,
            ),
          ),
          const SizedBox(height: 4),
          Text(
            startedText,
            style: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.copyWith(
              color: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.color?.withOpacity(0.75),
            ),
          ),
          const SizedBox(height: 12),
          Row(
            children: [
              Expanded(
                child: OutlinedButton(
                  onPressed: onAbandon,
                  child: const Text('放弃本轮'),
                ),
              ),
              const SizedBox(width: 12),
              Expanded(
                child: FilledButton(
                  onPressed: onContinue,
                  child: const Text('继续'),
                ),
              ),
            ],
          ),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

这个卡片的特点：

  • 使用主色半透明背景，视觉上更突出。
  • 显示进度（如 “进行中：3 / 5”）。
  • 提供两个操作：放弃本轮 / 继续。

4.3 挑战历史列表

每次完成的挑战会显示在历史列表中：

class _AttemptTile extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final theme = Theme.of(context);
    final succeeded = attempt.succeeded ?? false;
    final statusText = succeeded ? '挑战成功' : '未达标';
    final avgText = attempt.averageDuration == null ? 'DNF' : _formatDuration(attempt.averageDuration);

    return InkWell(
      borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(18),
      onTap: onTap,
      child: Container(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(14),
        decoration: BoxDecoration(
          borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(18),
          color: theme.colorScheme.surface,
          border: Border.all(color: theme.colorScheme.outlineVariant),
        ),
        child: Row(
          children: [
            Container(
              width: 12,
              height: 12,
              decoration: BoxDecoration(
                color: succeeded ? Colors.green : theme.colorScheme.error,
                shape: BoxShape.circle,
              ),
            ),
            const SizedBox(width: 10),
            Expanded(
              child: Column(
                crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
                children: [
                  Text(
                    '$statusText · ${challenge.averageType.label} $avgText',
                    style: theme.textTheme.titleSmall?.copyWith(fontWeight: FontWeight.w700),
                  ),
                  const SizedBox(height: 2),
                  Text(
                    _formatDate(attempt.startedAt),
                    style: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.copyWith(
                      color: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.color?.withOpacity(0.7),
                    ),
                  ),
                ],
              ),
            ),
            const Icon(Icons.chevron_right),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

历史项的设计：

  • 左侧圆点：成功显示绿色，失败显示红色。
  • 中间：状态 + 平均时间 + 开始时间。
  • 右侧：箭头指示可点击。

五、新建挑战表单

点击新建按钮后，弹出底部表单：

Future<void> showChallengeFormSheet(BuildContext context) {
  return showModalBottomSheet<void>(
    context: context,
    isScrollControlled: true,
    useSafeArea: true,
    builder: (context) {
      return ScaffoldMessenger(
        child: Scaffold(
          backgroundColor: Colors.transparent,
          body: const _ChallengeFormSheet(),
        ),
      );
    },
  );
}

5.1 表单结构

表单包含多个配置项：

Column(
  crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
  children: [
    TextField(
      controller: _nameController,
      textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
      decoration: const InputDecoration(
        labelText: '挑战名称',
        hintText: '例如：三阶冲 9 秒 / 金字塔稳 6 秒',
      ),
    ),
    const SizedBox(height: 16),
    Text('训练项目', style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium),
    const SizedBox(height: 12),
    Wrap(
      spacing: 8,
      runSpacing: 8,
      children: WcaEventX.officialOrder
          .map(
            (event) => ChoiceChip(
              label: Text(event.chineseName),
              selected: _selectedEvent == event,
              onSelected: (selected) {
                if (!selected) return;
                setState(() {
                  _selectedEvent = event;
                });
              },
            ),
          )
          .toList(),
    ),
    const SizedBox(height: 24),
    Text('挑战类型', style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium),
    const SizedBox(height: 12),
    Wrap(
      spacing: 12,
      children: ChallengeAverageType.values
          .map(
            (type) => ChoiceChip(
              label: Text(type.label),
              selected: _averageType == type,
              onSelected: (selected) {
                if (!selected) return;
                setState(() => _averageType = type);
              },
            ),
          )
          .toList(),
    ),
    // 目标时间、是否计入记录、是否启用观察...
  ],
),

5.2 项目选择器

使用 ChoiceChip 实现项目选择：

Wrap(
  spacing: 8,
  runSpacing: 8,
  children: WcaEventX.officialOrder
      .map(
        (event) => ChoiceChip(
          label: Text(event.chineseName),
          selected: _selectedEvent == event,
          onSelected: (selected) {
            if (!selected) return;
            setState(() {
              _selectedEvent = event;
            });
          },
        ),
      )
      .toList(),
),

Wrap 组件让选项自动换行，适应不同屏幕宽度。

5.3 目标时间选择器

目标时间使用 Cupertino 风格的滚轮选择器：

Future<void> _pickTargetDuration() async {
  final selected = await showModalBottomSheet<Duration>(
    context: context,
    useSafeArea: true,
    isScrollControlled: false,
    builder: (context) {
      return SizedBox(
        height: 340,
        child: Column(
          children: [
            // 顶部：取消 / 预览 / 确定
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(16, 12, 16, 8),
              child: Row(
                children: [
                  TextButton(
                    onPressed: () => Navigator.of(context).pop(),
                    child: const Text('取消'),
                  ),
                  const Spacer(),
                  Text(
                    _formatDurationForPicker(preview),
                    style: theme.textTheme.titleMedium?.copyWith(
                      fontWeight: FontWeight.w800,
                    ),
                  ),
                  const Spacer(),
                  FilledButton(
                    onPressed: () => Navigator.of(context).pop(preview),
                    child: const Text('确定'),
                  ),
                ],
              ),
            ),
            const Divider(height: 1),
            // 滚轮选择器
            Expanded(
              child: Row(
                children: [
                  buildColumn(label: '分', picker: CupertinoPicker(...)),
                  buildColumn(label: '秒', picker: CupertinoPicker(...)),
                  buildColumn(label: '毫秒', picker: CupertinoPicker(...)),
                ],
              ),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      );
    },
  );

  if (selected == null) return;
  setState(() => _targetDuration = selected);
}

三个滚轮分别选择分钟、秒、毫秒，顶部实时显示预览值。

5.4 开关选项

表单中有两个开关选项：

SwitchListTile.adaptive(
  contentPadding: EdgeInsets.zero,
  value: _includeInRecords,
  onChanged: (value) => setState(() => _includeInRecords = value),
  title: const Text('计入记录/统计'),
  subtitle: Text(
    '开启后，挑战中的每一把成绩会写入记录页并参与统计。',
    style: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.copyWith(
      color: theme.textTheme.bodySmall?.color?.withOpacity(0.7),
    ),
  ),
),

SwitchListTile.adaptive 会根据平台自动选择 Material 或 Cupertino 风格的开关。

六、总结

这篇我们从 UI 设计的角度，梳理了挑战页面的整体结构：

  1. 挑战列表页面：SectionedPage + 悬浮按钮，空状态有引导。
  2. 挑战列表项：卡片形式，显示名称、目标、配置、最近结果。
  3. 挑战详情页面：摘要卡片 + 进行中卡片 + 开始按钮 + 历史列表。
  4. 新建挑战表单：底部 Sheet，包含名称、项目、类型、目标时间、开关选项。

挑战功能的 UI 设计，核心是让用户快速理解挑战的配置和状态，同时提供清晰的操作入口。下一篇我们可以深入聊聊挑战功能的业务逻辑实现。

# flutter # harmonyos # ui # 华为 # 鸿蒙
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